High blood pressure in men: what to know

Why men are at higher risk

Men are more likely than women to develop high blood pressure through middle age. Blood pressure also tends to rise as we get older.

Some risks you can’t change, like age, family history, and race. Black men, for example, are more likely to get high blood pressure and to get it earlier in life. Other risks you can change, like weight, activity, salt, alcohol, and smoking.

The silent problem

High blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms. Many men find out only when it is checked at a visit, or after a serious problem.

Over time, high pressure makes the heart work harder. It can lead to heart attack, stroke, heart failure, and kidney failure. That is why knowing your numbers matters, even when you feel healthy.

A reading of 180/120 or higher is dangerously high. If it stays that high and you have chest pain, trouble breathing, a sudden severe headache, numbness, or weakness, call 9-1-1.

Numbers to know

A blood pressure reading has two numbers. The top number is the pressure when your heart beats. The bottom number is the pressure between beats.

• Healthy: less than 120/80
• Elevated: top number 120 to 129, bottom number under 80
• High, stage 1: top number 130 to 139, or bottom number 80 to 89
• High, stage 2: top number 140 or higher, or bottom number 90 or higher

Checking your blood pressure

Men 40 and older should have their blood pressure checked at least once a year. You may need it checked more often if you have diabetes, heart or kidney problems, extra weight, or a close relative with high blood pressure.

You can check it at a doctor’s office, at a pharmacy machine, or at home with an approved home monitor. Sit with your feet flat, rest your arm at heart level, and don’t talk during the reading. Write your numbers down and bring them to your next visit.

Steps that help, and treatment works

Small, steady changes add up. Research shows that a heart-healthy eating plan with less salt can lower blood pressure about as well as some medicines.

• Eat for your heart: more vegetables, fruit, beans, and whole grains, and less salt and fried food
• Move most days: a brisk walk counts
• Limit alcohol: talk with your doctor about how much is right for you
• Quit smoking: it helps your heart and blood vessels right away
• Aim for a healthy weight: even some weight loss can help

The link to ED and heart disease

High blood pressure can damage blood vessels, including the small ones that bring blood to the penis. That is why high blood pressure is a known cause of erectile dysfunction (ED). Some blood pressure medicines can also play a role, so never stop a medicine on your own. Ask your doctor about other options instead.

If you notice changes in your erections, take it as a signal to get your blood pressure and heart checked. Many men treat both at the same time, and ED pills work well for many men. It’s worth a short talk with your doctor. There is no judgment in asking.

Not sure where to start? We list trusted places to get checked in Louisiana, from community health centers to men’s health clinics. See where to get care.

Sources

• NHLBI: High Blood Pressure – Diagnosis
• NHLBI: High Blood Pressure – Causes and Risk Factors
• NHLBI: High Blood Pressure – Treatment
• MedlinePlus: High Blood Pressure
• NIDDK: Symptoms and Causes of Erectile Dysfunction